Project: Theta rhythm perturbation by focal cooling of the septal pacemaker in awake rats

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Description

Hippocampal theta oscillations coordinate neuronal firing to support memory and spatial navigation. The medial septum (MS) is critical in theta generation by two possible mechanisms: either a unitary “pacemaker” timing signal is imposed on the hippocampal system, or it may assist in organizing target subcircuits within the phase space of theta oscillations. We used temperature manipulation of the MS to test these models. Cooling of the MS reduced both theta frequency and power and was associated with an enhanced incidence of errors in a spatial navigation task, but it did not affect spatial correlates of neurons. MS cooling decreased theta frequency oscillations of place cells and reduced distance-time compression but preserved distance-phase compression of place field sequences within the theta cycle. Thus, the septum is critical for sustaining precise theta phase coordination of cell assemblies in the hippocampal system, a mechanism needed for spatial memory.

Highlights

  • Cooling the medial septum slowed down theta oscillations in the hippocampus
  • The spatial representation in the hippocampus remained intact
  • Choice errors increased in a spatial task
  • Distance-time, but not distance-theta phase, compression was altered

Cooling of Medial Septum Reveals Theta Phase Lag Coordination of Hippocampal Cell Assemblies Peter Christian Petersen, György Buzsáki. Neuron, June 2020. [PDF] [Link]

Description of the data content

Dataset details
Thermometer implanted in Medial Septum together with a thermal perturbation probe in freely awake Long Evans rats. 2000 single cells spike sorted, up to 150 bilateral simultaneous cells recorded from CA1, all sessions with behavior. All spike sorted sessions processed with CellExplorer.
Behaviors
– Circular track: up to 180 alternation trials, always with 40 control trials,
– Linear track,
– Wheel running.
Most sessions were recorded with Optitrack, a 3D tracking system (120Hz), and a ceiling-mounted video camera recorded at 10Hz. The animal’s positional data was determined with Optitrack.
Data access
Globus will give the most reliable data transfer and should be very fast as well. Data is organized by subjectName / sessionName. Using Globus you are also able to download all data or a subset of sessions in one go.
There is also a google spreadsheet for this dataset (Medial Septal cooling project). The sessions that we are sharing now are labeled as public in the spreadsheet.
Data format
The data follow the Buzsaki lab’s format and standard of CellExplorer. All files below are described on the CellExplorer’s website. The various included files are:
  • basename.dat: binary raw file, typically sampled at 20KHz. (Neurosuite standard)
  • basename.lfp: A low-pass filtered and downsampled lfp file (1250Hz)
  • basename.xml: parameter file used by Neuroscope. to visualize the files above
  • basename.session.mat : session metadata as described on the CellExplorers website
  • basename.animal.behavior.mat : behavioral data
  • basename.trials.behavior.mat : trial-wise data
  • basename.spikes.cellinfo.mat : spike data
  • basename.mono_res.cellinfo.mat : monosynaptic connections
  • basename.cell_metrics.cellinfo.mat.: cell metrics, including putative Cell types
  • basename.temperature.timeseries.mat : time series containing the temperature recording from the Medial Septal region
  • basename.cooling.manipulation.mat : info about time windows of the cooling manipulation
  • basename.ripples.events.mat : Detection of ripples.
  • basename.deepSuperficialfromRipple.channelinfo.mat : deep superficial determination using the average ripple/sharp-wave: https://cellexplorer.org/tutorials/deep-superficial-tutorial/
  • Some session also contains scoring of brain state: basename.eegstates.mat
There are many other derived files in the data folder. Most sessions were recorded with Optitrack, a 3D tracking system (120Hz), and a ceiling-mounted video camera recorded at 10Hz. The animal’s positional data was determined with Optitrack. Most sessions are on the alternation track, but there are also linear track sessions (about 2 meters long) and wheel running sessions (A square box with a running wheel attached). The probe implant information is available here and with above tabs.


Animals

Animal name

Investigator

Sessions

Animal actions

MS21
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 88 Surgeries
2018-06-13, 11:45: 12:10. 250 grams.
Probe implants
Silicon probe NeuroNexus Buzsaki64sp (64 ch, 6 shanks, staggered Non-uniform ) | HIP | (-3.3,-2.5,-1.6)
Silicon probe NeuroNexus Buzsaki64 (64 ch, 8 shanks, staggered) | HIP | (-3.3,2.5,1.6)
MS23
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 2 Surgeries
2019-08-20, 13:30: 21:00. 340 grams.
MS13
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 14 Surgeries
2017-10-31, 10:30: 20:10. 320 grams.
Probe implants
Silicon probe Cambridge Neurotech P1-64ch (64 ch, 4 shanks, poly 2 ) | HIP | (-3.3,2.5,-1.6)
Silicon probe Cambridge Neurotech P1-64ch (64 ch, 4 shanks, poly 2 ) | HIP | (-3.3,-2.5,-1.6)
MS5
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 0 Surgeries
2016-07-29, 10:33: 17:00. 400 grams.
MS4
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 0 Surgeries
2016-07-25, 10:45: 17:00. 410 grams.
MS12
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 13 Surgeries
2017-06-17, 11:20: 21:00. 410 grams.
Probe implants
Silicon probe NeuroNexus Buzsaki 5×12 (64 ch, 5 shanks, staggered Non-uniform) | HIP | (-3.3,2.5,-1.6)
Silicon probe NeuroNexus Buzsaki 5×12 (64 ch, 5 shanks, staggered Non-uniform) | HIP | (-3.3,-2.5,-1.6)
Manipulations:
Thermal perturbation, Cooling probe (MS - Medial septal nucleus, 0.7,0.2,6.5)
MS10
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 14 Surgeries
2017-02-22, 10:35: 18:50. 395 grams.
Probe implants
Silicon probe NeuroNexus Buzsaki 5×12 (64 ch, 5 shanks, staggered Non-uniform) | HIP | (-3.3,-2.5,1.6)
MS9
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 0 Surgeries
2016-12-08, 11:00: 18:40. 330 grams.
Probe implants
Silicon probe Cambridge Neurotech P1-64ch (64 ch, 4 shanks, poly 2 ) | HIP | (-3.3,-2.5,-1.6)
MS8
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 0 Surgeries
2016-11-09, 11:48: 20:00. 390 grams.
Probe implants
5×50µm Single wires | HIP | (-3.3,-2.5,-2.2)
3×50µm Single wires | MS | (,-0.4,-7.5)
MS7
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 0 Surgeries
2016-10-04, 11:30: 20:30. 500 grams.
Probe implants
1×50µm Single wires | MS | (,-0.4,-7.5)
4×50µm Single wires | HIP | (-3.3,-2.5,-2.7)
MS6
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 0 Surgeries
2016-09-12, 11:25: 19:30. 400 grams.
Probe implants
5×50µm Single wires | HIP | (-3.3,-2.5,-2.2)
MS3
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 0 Surgeries
2016-06-19, 12:00: 19:10. 480 grams.
Probe implants
8×50µm Single wires | MS | (,-0.4,-7.5)
MS2
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 0 Surgeries
2016-06-01, 10:40: 19:40. 380 grams.
Probe implants
Silicon probe NeuroNexus Buzsaki 5×12 (64 ch, 5 shanks, staggered Non-uniform) | HIP | (-3.7,2.0,-1.5)
MS14
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 7 Probe implants
Silicon probe NeuroNexus Buzsaki A4x16_poly3_6mm20s_200_160 (64 ch, 4 shanks, poly 3 Custom) | HIP | (-3.3,-2.5,-1.6)
Silicon probe NeuroNexus Buzsaki A4x16_poly3_6mm20s_200_160 (64 ch, 4 shanks, poly 3 Custom) | HIP | (-3.3,2.5,-1.6)
MS15
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 0 Virus injections
AAV8-hSyn-SwiChR-++-eYFP (Stanford Vector Core) | MS
MS16
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 0 Virus injections
AAV8-hSyn-SwiChR-++-eYFP (Stanford Vector Core) | MS
MS17
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 0 Virus injections
AAV8-hSyn-SwiChR-++-eYFP (Stanford Vector Core) | MS
MS18
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 11 Surgeries
2018-05-02, 13:00: 22:20. 540 grams.
Probe implants
Silicon probe NeuroNexus Buzsaki A4x16_poly3_6mm20s_200_160 (64 ch, 4 shanks, poly 3 Custom) | HIP | (-3.3,2.5,-1.6)
Virus injections
AAV8-hSyn-SwiChR-++-eYFP (Stanford Vector Core) | MS
MS20
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 0 Virus injections
AAV8-hSyn-SwiChR-++-eYFP (Stanford Vector Core) | MS
MS19
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 0 Virus injections
AAV8-hSyn-SwiChR-++-eYFP (Stanford Vector Core) | MS
MS22
Male, Rat, Long Evans
Wild type		 Peter Petersen 77 Surgeries
2018-06-14, 10:25: 17:30. 260 grams.
Probe implants
Silicon probe NeuroNexus Buzsaki64sp (64 ch, 6 shanks, staggered Non-uniform ) | HIP | (-3.3,-2.5,-1.6)
Silicon probe NeuroNexus Buzsaki64sp (64 ch, 6 shanks, staggered Non-uniform ) | HIP | (-3.3,2.5,1.6)

Sessions

Sessions

Animal name

Date

Subsessions

Peter_MS22_180724_144421_concat
Download session		 MS22 July 24, 2018 14:44:21 Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS22_180724_144421, Peter_MS22_180724_165919, Peter_MS22_180724_173357
Peter_MS22_180720_110055_concat
Download session		 MS22 July 20, 2018 11:00:55 Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Homecage_Sleep, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS22_180720_110055, Peter_MS22_180720_165044, Peter_MS22_180720_172412, Peter_MS22_180720_173657
Peter_MS22_180712_102504_concat
Download session		 MS22 July 12, 2018 10:25:04 Homecage_Sleep, LinearTrack_EndToEnd, Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Wheelbox_FreeRunning
Peter_MS22_180712_102504, Peter_MS22_180712_111420, Peter_MS22_180712_114025, Peter_MS22_180712_125606, Peter_MS22_180712_134147
Peter_MS22_180711_112912_concat
Download session		 MS22 June 29, 2018 11:03:19 Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS22_180629_110319, Peter_MS22_180711_124936, Peter_MS22_180711_132950
Peter_MS22_180627_114856_concat
Download session		 MS22 June 27, 2018 11:48:56 Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning
Peter_MS22_180627_114856, Peter_MS22_180627_143340
Peter_MS22_180626_110916_concat
Download session		 MS22 June 26, 2018 11:09:16 Wheelbox_FreeRunning, Wheelbox_FreeRunning, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning
Peter_MS22_180626_110916, Peter_MS22_180626_132715, Peter_MS22_180626_195938
Peter_MS22_180625_162932_concat
Download session		 MS22 June 25, 2018 17:44:32 ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS22_180625_162932, Peter_MS22_180625_172612
Peter_MS22_180623_170141_concat
Download session		 MS22 June 23, 2018 17:44:32 Wheelbox_FreeRunning, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning
Peter_MS22_180623_170141, Peter_MS22_180623_174432
Peter_MS22_180622_115734_concat
Download session		 MS22 July 13, 2018 14:04:31 Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS22_180622_115734, Peter_MS22_180622_151133, Peter_MS22_180622_154122
Peter_MS22_180719_122813_concat
Download session		 MS22 June 29, 2018 11:03:19 Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Homecage_Sleep, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS22_180719_122813, Peter_MS22_180719_145553, Peter_MS22_180719_155902, Peter_MS22_180719_164535
Peter_MS22_180628_120341_concat
Download session		 MS22 July 19, 2018 12:28:13 Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS22_180628_120341, Peter_MS22_180628_145716, Peter_MS22_180628_155843
Peter_MS22_180629_110319_concat
Download session		 MS22 June 29, 2018 11:03:19 Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS22_180629_110319, Peter_MS22_180629_152220, Peter_MS22_180629_155402
Peter_MS22_180621_131028
Download session		 MS22 June 21, 2018 13:10:28 ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning
Peter_MS22_180621_131028
Peter_MS12_170712_101120_concat
Download session		 MS12 July 12, 2017 10:11:20 Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS12_170712_101120, Peter_MS12_170712_121005, Peter_MS12_170712_125550
Peter_MS13_171204_102904_concat
Download session		 MS13 December 4, 2017 13:20:39 Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS13_171204_102904, Peter_MS13_171204_135140, Peter_MS13_171204_142655
Peter_MS13_171205_110831_concat
Download session		 MS13 December 8, 2017 11:08:31 Homecage_Sleep, Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS13_171205_110831, Peter_MS13_171205_122639, Peter_MS13_171205_154234, Peter_MS13_171205_162429
Peter_MS13_171206_132039_concat
Download session		 MS13 December 6, 2017 13:20:39 Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS13_171206_132039, Peter_MS13_171206_164117, Peter_MS13_171206_171703
Peter_MS21_180802_120147_concat
Download session		 MS21 August 2, 2018 12:01:47 Homecage_Sleep, Homecage_Sleep, Homecage_Sleep, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS21_180802_120147, Peter_MS21_180802_134135, Peter_MS21_180802_153052, Peter_MS21_180802_160846
Peter_MS21_180803_142301_concat
Download session		 MS21 August 3, 2018 14:23:01 Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS21_180803_142301, Peter_MS21_180803_162930, Peter_MS21_180803_165853
Peter_MS21_180806_111316_concat
Download session		 MS21 August 6, 2018 11:13:16 Homecage_Sleep, ThetaMaze_AlternativeRunning, Homecage_Sleep
Peter_MS21_180806_111316, Peter_MS21_180806_125237, Peter_MS21_180806_132948